What is the primary symptom of a hiatal hernia?

The primary symptom of a hiatal hernia is gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). A hiatal hernia occurs when a portion of the stomach protrudes through the diaphragm into the chest cavity, which can compromise the normal function of the lower esophageal sphincter. This dysfunction often leads to the backward flow of stomach contents into the esophagus, resulting in symptoms commonly associated with GERD, such as heartburn, regurgitation, and difficulty swallowing.

The presence of GERD in conjunction with a hiatal hernia is significant because it highlights the impact of anatomical changes on digestive health and esophageal function. Understanding this relationship assists in identifying the condition and directing appropriate treatment strategies.