What is the purpose of a chest tube when treating a pneumothorax?

The purpose of a chest tube in the treatment of a pneumothorax is to remove air from the pleural space. Pneumothorax occurs when air enters the pleural cavity, leading to a collapse of the lung on the affected side and resulting in difficulty breathing and reduced oxygenation. By inserting a chest tube, healthcare providers can effectively evacuate the accumulated air, allowing the lung to reexpand and restore normal breathing mechanics.

As the air is withdrawn from the pleural space, the pressure is normalized, which helps the lung reinflate. This intervention is critical for promoting adequate ventilation and ensuring that oxygen exchange occurs effectively in the lungs. The chest tube may also facilitate the drainage of fluid or blood if those conditions are present, but the primary goal in a simple pneumothorax is to remove the air that is causing the lung collapse.